On
this page I will tell you a little about the Swedish emigration
to America. Under the years of 1851-1930 over 1,2 million people
emigrated from Sweden to America. Most of them never returned
to Sweden again.
Under
the greater part of the 19:th century, the emigration to America
became more and more extensive when bad times in Sweden coincidence
with good times in America. It was a good opportunity at a small
cost acquire land in America, not at least after the "Homestead
Act" ( the right to land 80 acres if it was close to communication
and 160 acres if it was further away from communicatacion ).
Years of crop failure increased rapidly the growth of the emigration.
the last year of crop failure in Sweden was in 1868. the hole
summer was an continuance drought. The grass dried out , the
harvest became inadequate. A year of famine ment almost starvation
and economical disaster. And the only solution to survive could
be that you had to sell your house and go to America. The Swedish
people searched in first hand for regions where the nature and
climate was similar to Sweden. And the land was very cheap,
it could even be for free. The first emigrants traveled by sailing
ships straight from Sweden to America.
It
could take a couple of month to get there. The journey was often
a big stress for the inexperienced emigrants, who were not used
to travel. The seasickness struck them unmerciful, and bad food
didn't make it better. The long journey was often a big risk.
The ships were in bad shape and the passengers were to many,
packed together in very crowded rooms. The risk for spreading
diseases was very high. Many felt that the big journey over
the Atlantic Ocean was so unpleasant that they were in fear
of doing it again in the other direction. So they chosed to
stay in America for good instead.
when
the Swedish settler had taken his claimed plot in possession,
he immediately started to build. The first house was a little
primitive, timbered cottage. The Scandinavians controlled the
so called "Knotting method" that became very admired.
At the beginning there was contradiction between the Indians
and the settlers. The Indians were protecting their land against
the intruders. They fought very strong but were pushed away
westward. Many Swedish people settled down in Indian areas.
Some of them even took part in the Indian wars, or was exposed
to Indian attacks. When the house was finished their savings
was often gone. Now they had to look for work, so they could
earn some money to afford to buy a cow and planting seeds. But
there were many other difficulties the settlers had to deal
with. For example snowstorms, grasshoppers etc, etc...